The Israel Archives have recently put online some collections that
have significant value.

1. 1947 Jerusalem Census.

Images >from the 1947 Jerusalem census have been put online, and here
is an overview in Hebrew:
http://www.archives.gov.il/publication/MIFKAD47/

These records are not indexed, but instead searchable by Jerusalem
neighborhood. I was able to find relatives after considerable effort
by searching on the Israeli Genealogical Society's database, which
includes voter lists >from the early 1940s that states an individual's
neighborhood. Then I browsed within that neighborhood in the census
collection. Within a file, the entries are generally ordered by the
first letter of the last name (although not necessarily in perfect order).

There is no English search, so you have to be able to read Hebrew.

2. 1938-1939 German registration forms >from the Jerusalem Consulate

This collection is of significant value for those with German ancestry
that went to Jerusalem. There is seemingly a registration form for
every family that was a German citizen and living in Jerusalem as of
1938/early 1939. Each form includes birth date, place of birth,
parents' names, their birth dates and locations, and children's names.
The entries are ordered alphabetically. I submitted a request for
each entry to be digitized, but seemingly forgot the file for surnames
ranging >from S to Sch, so that was now requested to be added.

The collection is only for those living in Jerusalem--it does not
include Germans living in Tel Aviv or elsewhere.

Here are the direct links:

A-B: http://www.archives.gov.il/archives/#/Archive/0b071706800226d0/File/0b071706805eac60
C-F: http://www.archives.gov.il/archives/#/Archive/0b071706800226d0/File/0b071706805e43ac
G-J: http://www.archives.gov.il/archives/#/Archive/0b071706800226d0/File/0b071706805e43ad
K-L: http://www.archives.gov.il/archives/#/Archive/0b071706800226d0/File/0b071706805e43ae
M-N: http://www.archives.gov.il/archives/#/Archive/0b071706800226d0/File/0b071706805e43af
O-R: http://www.archives.gov.il/archives/#/Archive/0b071706800226d0/File/0b071706805e43f8
S-Sch: **to come**
St-Z: http://www.archives.gov.il/archives/#/Archive/0b071706800226d0/File/0b071706807d7372

Best, Michael Moritz, New York michael.d.moritz@gmail.com