Re: What does the abbreviation "MZ" or "M3" mean in the Creed column of the 1897 Russian census? #translation #russia #records
Jules Levin
The Russian government was not adverse to having official subdivisions
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within minority groups [after all, Russians themselves were officially subdivided by class]. For example, in the annuals published in Lithuania on the local ethnogeography, there are 3 official Jewish religions: Hasidim, Misnagdim, and Karaites. [The orphanage organized by the Vilna Gaon also included the Karaim as a Jewish branch.] By 1897 there existed a Russophone wealthy community that built the Choral Synagogues in the large cities, including St. Petersburg. They used a bilingual siddur--Russian and Hebrew. There were Jewish newspapers published in Russian. It was a peculiarly Russian Reform movement. "Mosaic Law" might be referring to membership in such a synagogue. Russia had no tolerance for unofficial splinter groups, especially if they originated in the Orthodox Church. Evangelical Christian sects were never tolerated and were treated worse than the Jews. Jules Levin, Los Angeles
On 5/21/2021 8:43 AM, ben.zitomer@... wrote: Thank you for that explanation, Ilya. Do you know why only the first
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