Read about the May Laws of 1882. May Laws - Wikipedia Czar Alexander II (the Reformer Czar) was assassinated (If you ever go to St Petersburg, The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood is worth seeing) and his son Czar Alexander III followed him reversing all of Alexander II's liberal and reform policies. The May Laws and pogroms that followed are the main reason why Jews left the Pale of Settlement  

Phil Goldfarb
Tulsa, OK
phil.goldfarb@...